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La monumental Cruz Atrial de Jilotepec

La monumental Cruz Atrial de Jilotepec

Por Esteban Sánchez Núñez, Cronista Municipal

Entre los monumentos religiosos que se localizan en nuestro municipio, destaca la Cruz Atrial que se alza majestuosa frente a la puerta de la Parroquia de San Pedro y San Pablo. No existe ningún documento (al menos no lo conozco) que refiera la fecha exacta de construcción de esta hermosa pieza. Según la Monografía Municipal, fue mandada construir por Beatriz de Andrada, allá por 1555 y rehabilitada por Juan Bautista Valerio de la Cruz, unos años más tarde, puesto que ambos personajes fueron encomenderos, y eran precisamente ellos, conjuntamente con el cacique del pueblo, quienes tenían las atribuciones y los medios para costear y llevar a cabo la edificación de dichas obras.

Como la mayoría de las cruces construidas en el territorio nacional durante el siglo XVI, la que hoy nos ocupa servía para evangelizar a la población indígena, puesto que en su estructura se encuentran talladas una serie de figuras en relieve que hacen referencia a la Pasión y Muerte Jesucristo, conocidas como “Arma Cristi”.

En la cara Oriente, se observa el rostro de Jesús, y un poco más abajo, el de un centurión, un saco con las monedas cayendo de éste, una mano y la columna de los azotes con el gallo de las negaciones posado encima. En los brazos de la cruz, se muestran, a parte del de Jesús, 2 rostros más, que corresponden a tal vez al ‘guardián’ encargado del templo y posiblemente al del gobernante de la época. 

Del lado opuesto, se observa una escalera, un martillo y una espada, así como un clavo del que brota sangre, mientras que en los costados, se aprecian algunas figuras como la de una lámpara de aceite, un par de clavos y un cetro. En el costado Norte, se puede ver una lanza y una caña de maíz y en la parte baja de la base octagonal, se halla incrustada en posición horizontal, una Cabeza de Tzompantli, lo cual indica que en las inmediaciones, debió existir algún adoratorio prehispánico.


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